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Jaw couplings are flexible couplings that connect two shafts at their ends to transmit power. They consist of jaw coupling hubs and spiders for handling diverse temperature ranges, speed of
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G| Style | Model | MPN | Price (inc. VAT) | |
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| A | DC-SBS19-0404 | £91.80 | ||
| B | DC-SBS25-0808 | £113.13 | ||
| C | DC-SBS32-1010 | £124.25 | ||
| D | DC-SBS38-1212 | £142.80 | ||
| E | DC-SBS44-1414 | £244.80 | ||
| F | DC-SBS51-1616 | £285.60 | ||
| G | DC-SBS63-2020 | £328.25 |
A| Style | Model | Coupling Size | Outside Dia. | Overall Coupling Length | Max. Speed | Length Through Bore | Nominal Torque | Max. Bore | Min. Bore | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 68514476182 | £1,007.76 | |||||||||
| A | 68514476183 | £1,007.76 | |||||||||
| A | 68514476386 | £2,154.24 |
AB| Style | Model | Coupling Size | Outside Dia. | Overall Coupling Length | Hub Material | Max. Speed | Length Through Bore | Max. Bore | Color | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 68514476505 | £345.78 | |||||||||
| B | 68514476266 | £268.41 |
A| Style | Model | Outside Dia. | Hub Material | Max. Speed | Number Of Jaws | Overall Length | Length Through Bore | Nominal Torque | Max. Bore | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 68514455169 | £7.40 | |||||||||
| A | 68514441850 | £7.40 | |||||||||
| A | 68514460679 | £6.27 | |||||||||
| A | 68514445872 | £12.39 | |||||||||
| A | 68514447419 | £12.39 | |||||||||
| A | 68514450351 | £7.04 | |||||||||
| A | 68514448510 | £7.04 | |||||||||
| A | 68514446214 | £7.04 | |||||||||
| A | 68514460708 | £6.27 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410215 | £7.40 | |||||||||
| A | 68514441460 | £7.04 | |||||||||
| A | 68514458036 | £7.04 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410216 | £8.32 | |||||||||
| A | 68514446151 | £10.95 | |||||||||
| A | 68514441452 | £10.95 | |||||||||
| A | 68514458803 | £11.50 | |||||||||
| A | 68514451562 | £9.74 | |||||||||
| A | 68514447505 | £10.95 | |||||||||
| A | 68514441456 | £12.55 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410693 | £13.19 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410777 | £20.24 | |||||||||
| A | 68514441461 | £19.27 | |||||||||
| A | 68514446561 | £26.41 | |||||||||
| A | 68514448276 | £19.27 | |||||||||
| A | 68514460945 | £17.15 |
A| Style | Model | Keyway Size | Outside Dia. | Hub Material | Max. Speed | Coupling Size | Number Of Jaws | Overall Length | Length Through Bore | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 68514441985 | £10.95 | |||||||||
| A | 68514428877 | £22.47 | |||||||||
| A | 68514428089 | £13.19 | |||||||||
| A | 68514446121 | £7.40 | |||||||||
| A | 68514427613 | £31.14 | |||||||||
| A | 68514438198 | £39.36 | |||||||||
| A | 68514444007 | £10.95 | |||||||||
| A | 68514444713 | £7.40 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437234 | £13.19 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437237 | £58.20 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437235 | £19.27 | |||||||||
| A | 68514435744 | £13.19 | |||||||||
| A | 68514411509 | £58.20 | |||||||||
| A | 68514426087 | £20.24 | |||||||||
| A | 68514411084 | £31.14 | |||||||||
| A | 68514438199 | £39.36 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410685 | £14.13 | |||||||||
| A | 68514426089 | £55.43 | |||||||||
| A | 68514411334 | £37.48 | |||||||||
| A | 68514428879 | £29.66 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437248 | £77.02 | |||||||||
| A | 68514448829 | £10.95 | |||||||||
| A | 68514428875 | £13.19 | |||||||||
| A | 68514451719 | £10.95 | |||||||||
| A | 68514435745 | £12.55 |
A| Style | Model | Keyway Size | Length Through Bore | Keyway | Hub Length | Outside Dia. | Hub Material | Max. Speed | Rated Power At 100 Rpm | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 68514441610 | £10.11 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410359 | £229.79 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410335 | £10.11 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410337 | £10.11 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410362 | £229.79 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410357 | £175.98 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410338 | £10.11 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410360 | £229.79 |
A| Style | Model | Outside Dia. | Hub Material | Keyway Size | Overall Length | Length Through Bore | Keyway | Max. Bore | Min. Bore | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 68514437901 | £144.65 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437902 | £144.65 | |||||||||
| A | 68514438570 | £134.19 | |||||||||
| A | 68514438569 | £134.19 | |||||||||
| A | 68514438568 | £134.19 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437900 | £144.65 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437906 | £194.67 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437905 | £194.67 | |||||||||
| A | 68514438571 | £175.59 | |||||||||
| A | 68514438572 | £167.23 | |||||||||
| A | 68514438574 | £175.59 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437904 | £194.67 | |||||||||
| A | 68514438573 | £175.59 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437907 | £194.67 | |||||||||
| A | 68514455195 | £55.43 | |||||||||
| A | 68514476203 | £285.84 | RFQ
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| A | 68514445213 | £194.67 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437917 | £238.83 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437919 | £238.83 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437923 | £238.83 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437921 | £238.83 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437918 | £238.83 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437920 | £238.83 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437922 | £238.83 | |||||||||
| A | 68514437924 | £238.83 |
A| Style | Model | Coupling Size | Outside Dia. | Length Through Bore | Max. Bore | Min. Bore | Dimension Hd | Dimension Cd | Volume | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 68514455770 | - | RFQ
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| A | 68514455771 | - | RFQ
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| A | 68514452030 | £961.19 | |||||||||
| A | 68514455772 | - | RFQ
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| A | 68514455773 | - | RFQ
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| A | 68514455774 | £1,687.96 |
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Y| Style | Model | MPN | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | SHR-18C-4-8 | £82.53 | ||
| B | SHR-18C-5-8 | £82.53 | ||
| C | SHR-18C-6-8 | £82.53 | ||
| D | SHR-18C-6.35-8 | £82.53 | ||
| E | SHR-18C-8-8 | £82.53 | ||
| F | SHR-24C-8-8 | £87.16 | ||
| G | SHR-24C-8-10 | £87.16 | ||
| H | SHR-24C-8-12 | £87.16 | ||
| I | SHR-29C-8-8 | £94.58 | ||
| J | SHR-29C-8-10 | £94.58 | ||
| K | SHR-29C-8-12 | £94.58 | ||
| L | SHR-29C-8-14 | £94.58 | ||
| M | SHR-29C-10-14 | £94.58 | ||
| N | SHR-29C-12-14 | £94.58 | ||
| O | SHR-29C-14-14 | £94.58 | ||
| P | SHR-38C-14-14 | £111.27 | ||
| Q | SHR-38C-14-16 | £111.27 | ||
| R | SHR-38C-14-18 | £111.27 | ||
| S | SHR-38C-14-19 | £111.27 | ||
| T | SHR-38C-14-20 | £111.27 | ||
| U | SHR-38C-19-19 | £111.27 | ||
| V | SHR-38C-19-20 | £111.27 | ||
| W | SHR-43C-14-14 | £126.11 | ||
| X | SHR-43C-14-16 | £126.11 | ||
| Y | SHR-43C-14-18 | £126.11 |
A| Style | Model | Keyway Size | Outside Dia. | Hub Material | Max. Speed | Overall Length | Length Through Bore | Nominal Torque | Max. Bore | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 68514412472 | £259.37 | |||||||||
| A | 68514444064 | £213.56 | |||||||||
| A | 68514412337 | £224.25 | |||||||||
| A | 68514456566 | £94.45 | |||||||||
| A | 68514412069 | £127.82 | |||||||||
| A | 68514411581 | £74.61 | |||||||||
| A | 68514412466 | £259.37 | |||||||||
| A | 68514412332 | £224.25 | |||||||||
| A | 68514411832 | £99.17 | |||||||||
| A | 68514412329 | £224.25 | |||||||||
| A | 68514411842 | £99.17 |
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Y| Style | Model | MPN | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | SOH-16C-4 | £19.47 | ||
| B | SOH-16C-4.76 | £19.47 | ||
| C | SOH-16C-5 | £19.47 | ||
| D | SOH-16C-6 | £19.47 | ||
| E | SOH-20C-5 | £21.33 | ||
| F | SOH-20C-6 | £21.33 | ||
| G | SOH-20C-6.35 | £21.33 | ||
| H | SOH-20C-7.93 | £21.33 | ||
| I | SOH-20C-8 | £21.33 | ||
| J | SOH-20C-9.525 | £21.33 | ||
| K | SOH-20C-10 | £21.33 | ||
| L | SOH-25C-6 | £23.18 | ||
| M | SOH-25C-6.35 | £23.18 | ||
| N | SOH-25C-8 | £23.18 | ||
| O | SOH-25C-9.525 | £23.18 | ||
| P | SOH-25C-10 | £23.18 | ||
| Q | SOH-25C-12 | £23.18 | ||
| R | SOH-32C-8 | £28.75 | ||
| S | SOH-32C-9.525 | £28.75 | ||
| T | SOH-32C-10 | £28.75 | ||
| U | SOH-32C-12 | £28.75 | ||
| V | SOH-32C-12.7 | £28.75 | ||
| W | SOH-32C-14 | £28.75 | ||
| X | SOH-43C-12 | £46.36 | ||
| Y | SOH-43C-12.7 | £46.36 |
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B| Style | Model | Bore Dia. | Outside Dia. | Overall Length | Size | Keyway Size | Hub Material | Keyway | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | JS12-3-A | £32.87 | ||||||||
| A | JS10-3-A | £29.32 | ||||||||
| A | JS12-5-A | £32.87 | ||||||||
| A | JS21-5-A | £60.78 | ||||||||
| A | JS16-5-A | £41.97 | ||||||||
| B | JS36-20-A | £174.84 | ||||||||
| B | JS36-18-A | £174.84 | ||||||||
| B | JS36-16-A | £174.84 | ||||||||
| B | JS32-16-A | £123.87 | ||||||||
| A | JS21-8-A | £60.78 | ||||||||
| B | JS26-8-A | £71.89 | ||||||||
| B | JS32-8-A | £123.87 | ||||||||
| B | JS36-8-A | £174.84 | ||||||||
| A | JS16-8-A | £41.97 | ||||||||
| A | JS10-4-A | £29.32 | ||||||||
| A | JS12-4-A | £32.87 | ||||||||
| A | JS16-4-A | £41.97 | ||||||||
| A | JS10-2-A | £29.32 | ||||||||
| B | JS26-12-A | £71.89 | ||||||||
| B | JS36-12-A | £174.84 | ||||||||
| B | JS32-12-A | £121.39 | ||||||||
| A | JS21-6-A | £60.78 | ||||||||
| B | JS26-6-A | £70.73 | ||||||||
| A | JS16-6-A | £41.97 | ||||||||
| B | JS26-10-A | £71.89 |
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D| Style | Model | Bore Dia. | Outside Dia. | Keyway Size | Overall Length | Keyway | Size | Hub Material | For Shaft Type | Price (inc. VAT) | |
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| A | MJCC33-8-A | £87.91 | |||||||||
| A | MJCC25-8-A | £63.50 | |||||||||
| B | MJCC41-10-A | £107.88 | |||||||||
| C | MJCC25-10-A | £62.74 | |||||||||
| A | MJCC33-10-A | £87.91 | |||||||||
| A | MJCC25-11-A | £63.69 | |||||||||
| A | MJCC33-11-A | £87.91 | |||||||||
| D | MJCC41-11-A | £110.01 | |||||||||
| A | MJCC33-12-A | £86.33 | |||||||||
| D | MJCC51-12-A | £170.45 | |||||||||
| B | MJCC41-12-A | £110.01 | |||||||||
| C | MJCC25-12-A | £63.69 | |||||||||
| A | MJCC33-14-A | £87.91 | |||||||||
| D | MJCC51-14-A | £170.45 | |||||||||
| D | MJCC57-14-A | £224.82 | |||||||||
| B | MJCC41-14-A | £110.01 | |||||||||
| D | MJCC51-15-A | £170.45 | |||||||||
| A | MJCC33-15-A | £87.91 | |||||||||
| D | MJCC41-15-A | £110.01 | |||||||||
| D | MJCC57-15-A | £219.50 | |||||||||
| A | MJCC33-16-A | £87.91 | |||||||||
| B | MJCC57-16-A | £219.50 | |||||||||
| B | MJCC41-16-A | £109.20 | |||||||||
| D | MJCC51-16-A | £165.38 | |||||||||
| D | MJCC57-17-A | £272.73 |
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U| Style | Model | MPN | Price (inc. VAT) | |
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| A | ML075SS 1/2 | £109.14 | ||
| B | ML075SS 1/4 | £109.14 | ||
| C | ML075SS 3/4 | £109.14 | ||
| D | ML075SS 5/8 | £109.14 | ||
| E | ML075SS 7/8 | £109.14 | ||
| F | ML075SSBLK 1/4 | £103.67 | ||
| G | ML090SSBLK 1/4 | £107.20 | ||
| H | ML095SS 1 | £124.92 | ||
| H | ML095SS 1 1/8 | £124.92 | ||
| I | ML095SS 1/2 | £124.92 | ||
| J | ML095SS 1/4 | £124.92 | ||
| K | ML095SS 3/4 | £124.92 | ||
| L | ML095SS 5/8 | £124.92 | ||
| M | ML095SS 7/8 | £124.92 | ||
| N | ML095SSBLK 7/16 | £118.66 | ||
| H | ML100SS 1 | £147.07 | ||
| H | ML100SS 1 1/8 | £147.07 | ||
| H | ML100SS 1 3/8 | £147.07 | ||
| O | ML100SS 3/4 | £147.07 | ||
| P | ML100SS 7/8 | £147.07 | ||
| Q | ML100SSBLK 1/2 | £139.73 | ||
| R | ML110SS 1 | £239.25 | ||
| S | ML110SS 1 3/8 | £239.25 | ||
| T | ML110SS 1 5/8 | £239.25 | ||
| U | ML110SSBLK 5/8 | £227.28 |
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| A | 68514472532 | £36.37 | |||||||||
| B | 68514472554 | £69.33 | |||||||||
| C | 68514472533 | £36.37 | |||||||||
| C | 68514472538 | £46.25 | |||||||||
| C | 68514472542 | £54.58 | |||||||||
| C | 68514472543 | £46.25 | |||||||||
| C | 68514472006 | £87.07 | |||||||||
| C | 68514472002 | £90.98 | |||||||||
| C | 68514472005 | £90.98 | |||||||||
| C | 68514472004 | £90.98 | |||||||||
| C | 68514472007 | £120.53 | |||||||||
| D | 68514472003 | £95.53 |
A| Style | Model | Outside Dia. | Hub Material | Max. Speed | Number Of Jaws | Overall Length | Length Through Bore | Nominal Torque | Max. Bore | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 68514410129 | £7.40 | |||||||||
| A | 68514410218 | £7.40 | |||||||||
| A | 68514411094 | £29.66 | |||||||||
| A | 68514476172 | £890.26 |
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B| Style | Model | Outside Dia. | Overall Coupling Length | Max. Speed | Coupling Size | Length Through Bore | Max. Bore | Dimension G | Dimension Hd | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 68514476513 | £308.91 | |||||||||
| B | 68514476514 | £308.91 | |||||||||
| A | 68514476523 | £308.91 | |||||||||
| A | 68514476318 | - | RFQ
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| A | 68514476175 | - | RFQ
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| A | 68514476538 | £480.57 | |||||||||
| A | 68514476539 | £480.57 |
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B| Style | Model | Coupling Size | Outside Dia. | Max. Speed | Length Through Bore | Nominal Torque | Max. Bore | Min. Bore | Hub Length | Price (inc. VAT) | |
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| A | 68514448070 | £3,053.64 | RFQ
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| B | 68514450883 | £4,571.57 | |||||||||
| B | 68514447878 | - | RFQ
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| B | 68514455473 | £6,662.75 | |||||||||
| B | 68514455477 | £7,741.16 |
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B| Style | Model | Bore Dia. | Outside Dia. | Keyway Size | Overall Length | Size | Hub Material | Keyway | Price (inc. VAT) | |
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| A | MJSC25-8-A | £57.23 | ||||||||
| A | MJSC33-8-A | £78.57 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC41-10-A | £94.07 | ||||||||
| A | MJSC33-10-A | £78.57 | ||||||||
| A | MJSC25-10-A | £57.23 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC41-12-A | £94.07 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC51-12-A | £150.88 | ||||||||
| A | MJSC25-12-A | £57.23 | ||||||||
| A | MJSC33-12-A | £78.57 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC41-14-A | £94.07 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC51-14-A | £150.88 | ||||||||
| A | MJSC33-14-A | £78.57 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC57-14-A | £207.29 | ||||||||
| A | MJSC33-15-A | £78.57 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC41-15-A | £117.74 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC51-16-A | £150.88 | ||||||||
| A | MJSC33-16-A | £78.57 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC57-16-A | £207.29 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC41-16-A | £94.07 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC41-17-A | £116.12 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC57-19-A | £251.24 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC41-19-A | £116.12 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC57-20-A | £207.29 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC51-20-A | £150.88 | ||||||||
| B | MJSC41-20-A | £94.07 |
Lovejoy C-type couplings are ideal for transmitting power to industrial equipment such as pumps, gearboxes, compressors, blowers, mixers and conveyors. These jaw-type couplings feature cast-iron construction to handle higher torque rates and accommodate both angular and parallel shaft misalignments. They provide a standard shaft-to-shaft connection for medium-duty applications and ensure a fail-safe performance that continues to perform even if the elastomer fails. Choose from a wide range of these Lovejoy C-type couplings, available in 7/8, 1-1/2, 1-1/4 & 1-3/4 inch bore diameters on Raptor Supplies.
A| Style | Model | Outside Dia. | Max. Speed | Number Of Jaws | Length Through Bore | Nominal Torque | Max. Bore | Min. Bore | Dimension G | Price (inc. VAT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 68514440125 | £295.51 | |||||||||
| A | 68514440126 | £357.00 | |||||||||
| A | 68514426067 | £393.87 | |||||||||
| A | 68514441036 | £522.24 | |||||||||
| A | 68514441037 | £746.06 | |||||||||
| A | 68514441038 | £871.37 |
Jaw couplings are a type of flexible couplings designed to link two rotating shafts that are not properly aligned for transferring the rotational power or torque from one shaft to another. The jaw couplings are suitable for diverse industrial applications due to their versatile & robust construction and good speed capability, chemical resistance & dampening capability. Jaw couplings are easy to install, as they consist of only two jaw coupling hubs and a spider. These jaw coupling hubs are attached to the shafts and the spider flexes between the hubs for accommodating the misalignment & shocks. Shaft misalignments are mostly radial, parallel or angular and cause complications to transferring rotational power from one shaft to the other in the form of loads, vibrations, stresses and other forces, which change as per the type of misalignment.
The jaw coupling hubs are popular due to their fail-safe design that ensures interlocking of the coupling & continued operation (up to a certain extent) even after the elastomeric spider fails, wears out or gets loosened. Unlike gear, grid or chain couplings, jaw coupling hubs are also maintenance-free as they do not require periodic application of grease or additional maintenance (provided that the spider remains intact). These jaw coupling hubs are made of cast iron, powder metal, sintered iron, sintered carbon steel, steel or zinc alloy to ensure high compression strength and durability. They are also offered in aluminium or stainless steel construction for lightweight and resistance to corrosion in food & pharmaceutical environments.
Lovejoy jaw coupling hubs are available in two broad types: straight jaw coupling hubs and curved jaw coupling hubs. Straight jaw hubs are made from a diverse range of materials and feature straight jaws for adjusting to various styles of spiders. They are used with open centre spiders, snap wrap spiders with retainer rings; closed centre spiders having Nitrile Butadiene (Buna N), urethane, Hytrel or bronze construction. Curved jaw coupling hubs (Lovejoy CJ Series) on the other hand, feature a curved jaw profile that concentrates the torque to the central region of the spider's limbs, thereby improving the efficiency of the elastomer material and reduces rotational backlash. They are mostly used with open centre elastomeric spiders to accommodate shafts having little separation.
Choose from a wide range of these jaw coupling hubs, available in both unbored and bored variants on Raptor Supplies. The bored variants are offered in bore sizes ranging from 1/8 to 4 inches.
Jaw coupling hubs are ideal for linking two shafts when used in conjunction with elastomeric inserts or spiders to form couplings. These jaw coupling hubs are used in a wide range of motion control (servo) applications, such as conveyors, escalators, motor vehicles, forestry, agricultural & mining equipment in robotics, automobile, aeronautics and space industries.
A jaw coupling is made of three parts: two metallic hubs (jaw coupling hub) and an elastomer insert / element or spider. The spider has many lobes to fit the jaws of hubs alternatively for a tight press fit. Once the machinery starts running & the driving shaft starts rotating, the hub jaws attached to the driving shaft push towards the driven hub jaws and thereby towards the stationary shaft.
The jaws being locked together leads to torque transfer and rotation of the stationary shaft. The jaw coupling torque is then transmitted through the elastomer / spider lobes compressed between the hub jaws. These elastomeric spider legs act as coupling absorbers and help in cushioning the force between the driving & driven jaws. They absorb the vibration and shock from torque transfer and consequently protect the surrounding components from getting damaged.
Rigid couplings offer a rigid connection between two shafts that are firmly connected. They transfer torque smoothly throughout the system. These rigid couplings can't handle misalignment and shocks. Flexible couplings like jaw coupling hubs provide flexible connections and hence, can withstand shocks & misalignment up to a certain extent. However, there is a chance of some losses during torque transfer while using flexible jaw coupling.
Selected models of jaw coupling hubs feature a cutout slot in the mating part (hub) of the couplings, known as keyways. These slots or keyways fit in the keys or a separate mechanical attachment on the shafts or other mated tools. The use of "Keys" leads to improved torque & prevents slipping. It also results in reduced losses due to vibrations & backlash (degree of free movement between two rotating, mating parts).
However, some applications do not require keys, as keyless jaw coupling hubs use only set screw holding power to transfer torque. Keyless hubs are ideal for applications that cause no damages or injuries even if the shafts slip. Keyed jaw coupling hubs concentrate the stresses around the key or key slot, causing maintenance issues and efficiency losses. Keyless hubs distribute the load & hence require less maintenance.